Net profit of Australian Stock Exchange in 2005-2006 financial year has grown on 24.5% - up to 137 million dollars.

August 17th, 2006

The Net profit of Australian share platform Australian Stock Exchange Ltd. (ASE) in 2005-2006 financial year has grown on 24.5% - up to 137 million dollars in comparison to 110.03 million dollars in previous year. Proceeds of ASE for the accounting period have grown on 9.3% - from 279.54 million dollars up to 305.63 million dollars. Such data contain in the report of the company published today.
Net profit of share platform Sydney Futures Exchange (SFE) (which management also carries out ASE), after in July 2006 the decision on merge of two companies has come into force, in 1st half of 2006 has grown on 26.3% - up to 42 million dollars. Proceeds of SFE for the accounting period have grown on 17% - up to 76.4 million dollars.
We shall remind that the message on merge of two leaders Australian share platforms has been made in March of 2006. The decision on merge has come into force on July, 25th current year after for merge shareholders of the companies have expressed and have been received all necessary approval from adjusting bodies. The sum of the transaction has made 2.4 billion Australian dollars (1.8 billion dollars). As a result of merge the largest financial stock exchange in Asian-Pacific region, by cost 5.3 billion Australian dollars (3.94 billion dollars) which becomes the ninth on size a share platform in the world has been created.

Siberian stock exchange.

August 15th, 2006

Joint-Stock Company “Siberian stock exchange” was founded on February, 22nd, 1991. The first name of a stock exchange was Joint-Stock Company “Siberian stock exchange” (SSE). Till July, 1997 of Joint-Stock Company “SSE” carried out functions of the organizer of the trades in the share market. Since 1994 the stock exchange actively was engaged in the organization in Siberia the future market on the currency, the average price of state credit obligations and for the Index of RTS. In 1997 in connection with change of the legislation of Joint-Stock Company “SSE” has stopped activity of stock exchange. In 2002 shareholders have changed the name to Joint-Stock Company “Siberian exchange”. On July, 16th, 2002 the stock exchange has received the license of a commodity exchange №128 and since April, 16th 2003 has started the trades by standard (future) contracts on soft food wheat 3 classes with fibrin not below 23%.
Since September, 26th 2005 at an exchange the trades on future contracts on gold.
The Basis of the future market of a stock exchange have begun is the Settlement union - association of the Settlement firms which have concluded the multilateral Contract about the organization of the future market among themselves and a stock exchange. Settlement firms are shareholders (members) of a stock exchange and have the right to serve the clients trading in the future market. Among them are large manufacturers and converters of grains, the trading and financial organizations.
The Siberian exchange in the development aspires to construction of a classical commodity-future exchange - unique financial institutions by the opportunities which provides fair pricing, insurance and regulation of financial risks for the basic participants of the grain market of Siberia. The stock exchange will promote also to improvement of an investment climate and increase of efficiency of agricultural branch of South-Siberian region - one of leaders of agrarian Russia.

IBM gets the developer of hardware FileNet for 1.6 billion dollars.

August 11th, 2006

The American company International Business Machines Corp (IBM), the world’s largest provider of computer services, buys the developer of hardware FileNet Corp. for 1.6 billion dollars. Such data contain in the press release of company IBM published today. In recalculation on one stock IBM will pay for each securities FileNet on 35 dollars, that on 1% above cost of stocks of FileNet on results of closing of the trades in electronic system Nasdaq on the eve. The transaction will be carried out in carry-over funds.
The transaction still should be approved by shareholders of FileNet and adjusting bodies of the USA. End of the transaction is expected in 4th quarter of 2006.
American company FileNet develops corporate decisions for automation of document circulation and business processes.

Philips promises at sale of the operation to return to shareholders 4 billion euro.

August 10th, 2006

Company Royal Philips Electronics undertakes to return to shareholders nearby 4 billion euro by the end of 2007 at sale of 80.1% of stocks of operation Philips Semiconductors which are letting out semiconductors. As it is marked in the message of the company, shareholders will receive money by means of payments of dividends and the return repayment of stocks, including already announced repayment of stocks on July, 17th 2006 for the sum of 1.5 billion euro.
As it was informed earlier, Royal Philips Electronics has agreed to sell 80.1% of stocks of the operation on manufacture of semiconductors to a consortium of private investors for 6.4 billion euro (8.2 billion dollars). The consortium included American joint-stock companies Kohlberg Kravis Roberts both Co. and Silver Lake Partners, and also Dutch AlpInvest Partners NV. According to conditions of the transaction, 19.9% of stocks of division will remain in property Philips.
As it is marked in press release of Philips, the company follows strategy on reinvestment of the capital for reception of additional profit, including through favorable purchases. For last 12 months Philips has declared 8 purchases in sphere of medical systems, illumination and public health services for which it has been spent 3.5 billion euro. The given investments have already been repaid at a rate of almost 1 billion euro. Philips also has confirmed intention to leave structure of concerns LG.Philips and TSMC. “With this transaction we have actually finished begun still in 2002 reorganization of the company with the purpose of creation of business steadier and bringing the stable income”, - was emphasized by the president of company Philips Gerard Kleisterlee. As he said, in this connection the name of the company will be changed on Royal Philips.
Gerard Kleisterlee has specified that resources Philips will be concentrated to public health services, needs in effective energy-saving decisions and increasing desire of consumers to improve style of a life. In opinion of the president of the company, all this will allow to redefine Philips in the company generating values, unlike historically developed image of the manufacturer of electronics.
Royal Philips Electronics of the Netherlands - one of the largest manufacturers of electronics in the world and the largest in the Europe. A sales volume in 2005 has made 30.4 billion euro. The basic line of activity of the company is care of health, style of a life and technology. The company is presented more than in 60 countries of the world and has 158 thousand of employees.

American company Universal Computer Systems Inc buys American Reynolds and Reynolds for 2.5 billion dollars.

August 9th, 2006

Universal Computer Systems Inc buys American company Reynolds and Reynolds Co. which is engaged in development of computer maintenance for the companies, selling cars, for 2.5 billion dollars. Such data contain in press release of Reynolds and Reynolds published today.
According to the signed agreement, Universal Computer Systems which also is engaged in development of computer maintenance will pay on 40 dollars for each stock of Reynolds and Reynolds, that on 14 % above cost of securities Reynolds and Reynolds on results of closing of the New York stock exchange on the eve. Besides it, Universal Computer Systems will incur obligations on repayment of duty of Reynolds and Reynolds for the sum of 300 million dollars the Transaction will be carried out in securities.
For financing purchase Universal Computer Systems will apply for the credit in banks Deutsche Bank and Credit Suisse. After end of the transaction the company will continue to conduct the activity under trademark Reynolds and Reynolds. Voting of shareholders under the transaction will pass in 4th quarter of this year. The transaction still should be considered by adjusting bodies of the USA. The termination of transaction is expected in the beginning of 2007.

The group of investors buys the company on delivery of food stuffs Aramark for 6.3 billion dollars.

August 9th, 2006

Group of investors buys the company on delivery of food stuffs Aramark Corp. for 6.3 billion dollars. There is a chairman of board of directors and executive director of Aramark Joseph Njubauer in charge of group of investors that buy Aramark. The group includes also private investment companies GS Capital Partners, CCMP Capital Advisors, JPMorgan Partners, Thomas H. Lee Partners and Warburg Pincus LLC. Investors will incur also obligations on payment of duty Aramark for the sum 2 billion dollars.
On conditions of the transaction, shareholders of Aramark will receive 33.80 dollars for each stock Aramark that on 2.3 % exceeds cost of stocks of the company on results of closing of the New York stock exchange on the eve. The transaction will be carried out in carry-over funds.
For financing purchase investors will apply for reception of the loan. Board of directors of Aramark has approved the transaction and is ready to recommend accepting to shareholders Aramark conditions of the agreement. In case of approval of the transaction by shareholders and adjusting bodies of the USA, the transaction will come to the end in the end of 2006, or in the beginning of 2007.
Aramark conducts the activity in 20 countries of the world. In the company work 240 thousand persons. Aramark carries out deliveries of food stuffs in hospitals, schools and on stadiums, informs Associated Press.

Belarusian Currency and Stock Exchange (BCSE)

August 7th, 2006

I have written this blog for 1.5 month, but only several days ago I realize that I wrote about different foreign stock exchanges, but I’ve forgotten to write about the unique stock of my own country… About Belarusian Currency and Stock Exchange… And today I’ll try to correct it!
The portrait of open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange”
The open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange” has been formed in 1998 in accordance with the Decree of the President of Belarus from July, 20th, 1998 №366 “About perfection of system of state regulation of the stock market”. Founders of a stock exchange became National bank of the Republic of Belarus (a control share holding), Fund of the state property of the Ministry of Economics of the Republic of Belarus and a number of large banks of the Republic of Belarus.
The supreme body of management of open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange” is General meeting of shareholders. The structure of shareholders of a stock exchange, except for founders includes banks, the broker/dealer subsidiaries of republic, etc. The Management of a stock exchange between the General meetings of shareholders is carried out by the Supervisory council.
As of today of open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange” is the unique in republic trading platform on the basis of which the national system of the exchange trades on all basic segments of the financial market is created: currency, share and term. Except for the organization of the trades, the stock exchange carries out functions of the settlement depositary institution in the exchange market of not state securities, function of the operator of settlement-clearing system by all kinds of securities and tools of the term market, and also carries out registration of the transactions concluded on the over-the-counter market with stocks of open joint-stock companies and voucher “Housing”.
The foreign exchange market.
According to the Rules of exchange trade in the foreign currencies approved by the decision of Board of National bank of the Republic of Belarus 28/06/2001 №165 (read with 31/10/2003), open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange” it is allocated by the right of the organization of the trades by a foreign currency.
The trades by a foreign currency at a stock exchange are carried out within the limits of Section of the currency market. The exchange trades are spent daily with use of electronic system of the trades. The cores currencies quoted at a stock exchange are: US dollar, Euro, the Russian ruble and the Ukrainian hryvna. The rates generated on results of the exchange trades, today are included into the category of the basic indicators of the currency market. On results of the trades the National bank of the Republic of Belarus establishes official rates of the Belarus ruble in relation to US dollar and ruble of the Russian Federation.
The total volume of the trades by all kinds of currencies for 9 months of 2005 was made 10.6 billion of rubles or 4 912 million US dollars in an equivalent.
Stock market.
According to the legislation of the Republic of Belarus for many securities the stock exchange is a unique admissible jail of transactions. To such papers concern: the state issue securities, bonds of National bank of the Republic of Belarus, the bond of local loans and the securities of the open joint-stock companies last an estimation of quality and reliability (listing) and admitted to the reference at a stock exchange. To participation in the trades by securities members of Section of the share market are supposed only. Transactions with securities are made in universal electronic trading system. The opportunity to participate in the trades with use of the automated workplaces located in trading halls of a stock exchange, or through the removed trading terminals is given to members of Section of the share market. The trades by securities are spent daily in following modes: “Continuous double auction”, “REPO (the fixed pricing)”, “REPO (free pricing)”, “Discrete auction”, “Forward transactions”, “Simple auction”, “Simple auction REPO”. The given modes are effectively used for primary accommodation of securities, the organization of their secondary reference and maintenance of processes of privatization.
Now in sector of the state securities and securities of National bank auctions of the Ministry of Finance on accommodation of the state securities are spent, within the limits of the secondary reference transactions in modes “continuous double auction” and “REPO” are made, the National bank of the Republic of Belarus on a regular basis spends simple auctions REPO. On the given segment of the market the institute a market-makers functions. Since September, 1st, 2005 the index on the market government securities/short-term bonds of the National bank of the Republic of Belarus pays off and published.
In sector of not state securities transactions with stocks and bonds of subjects of managing are made at primary accommodation and the secondary reference, and also privatization transactions. The fund of the state property of the Ministry of Economics of the Republic of Belarus uses exchange technologies for the organization of auctions on sale of actions belonging to the state for a foreign currency and the Belarus rubles, “discrete auction” and other accessible modes of the trades realizes state blocks of shares of stocks in a mode. Since October, 7th of 2005 in sector of not state securities the regular trades by bonds of banks have begun.
Participants of the trades can make transactions with not state securities with following conditions of calculations: T+0 (delivery of money and securities in day of fulfillment of the transaction), T+n (delivery of money and securities in the day certain by participants during the moment of fulfillment of the transaction), and also the transactions made on conditions REPO.
The total volume of the exchange trades by securities of all kinds for 9 months of 2005 has made 7.0 billion of rubles, or 3.2 billion of US dollars.
According to the legislation of the Republic of Belarus the stock exchange carries out obligatory registration of all accomplished on the over-the-counter market of transactions with securities of the open joint-stock companies, and also since January, 25th, 2005 transactions with nominal privatization checks “Housing”. For nine months of 2005 by a stock exchange it has been registered 1066 over-the-counter transactions with stocks of open joint-stock company for a total sum of 15.96 billion rubles (7.4 million of US dollars) and 33653 transactions with  voucher “Housing” at actual cost of 19083,7 million rubles (on a face-value 24.0 million rubles). For service of processes of registration system BEQAS functioning on the basis of the Internet-technologies is used.
The term market.
Since October, 2004 the stock exchange has started trading by financial tools of the term market on a constant basis. The exchange trades by tools of the term market are spent in electronic trading system every working day simultaneously on all tools in a mode “continuous double auction”. As participants of the trades act the members of Section of the term market. Calculations under made transactions are spent in uniform settlement-clearing system, in which function of a clearing bank carries out National bank of the Republic of Belarus, and function of clearing - a stock exchange. The toolkit of the given market is presented by future contracts on rates of foreign currencies and interest rates in the market of the state securities.
Information work.
The major principle of the organization of activity of a stock exchange is development of information technologies and increase of a transparency of the financial market of republic. With a view of realization of the given principle by a stock exchange it is created and successfully functions three basic automated information products: the official Internet-site of a stock exchange, the Belarusian automated quoted system of a stock exchange (BEQAS), Information system “Stock market”. The official Internet-site of open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange” is the central element of system of disclosing of the information by results of activity of a stock exchange in the currency, share and term markets.
“The Share market” accumulates data about a condition and the processes occurring on a republican securities market. The basic suppliers of the information are open joint-stock company “Belarus currency-stock exchange”, Committee under securities at Ministerial council, National bank, the Ministry of Economics and the Ministry of Finance. Except for the data, directly concerning the stock market, in system the information on a condition of the currency and monetary market is concentrated; contain actual financial and social and economic news of Belarus, the CIS countries and the world.
BEQAS is the information-quoted system functioning on the basis of the Internet-technologies, intended for search of the counterpart for fulfillment of transactions with various kinds of securities, and also serving processes of obligatory registration in the unorganized market of transactions with stocks of the open joint-stock companies and the nominal privatization checks “Housing” accomplished on the over-the-counter market. For today the system is the only thing in republic a high-grade source of the information on a condition the over-the-counter market of the Belarusian enterprises.
Besides the stock exchange acts as the supplier of the information for republican news agencies, and also the leading mass-media focused on illumination of world economic processes.

Rise and fall of net profits…

July 20th, 2006

Today I’d like to analyze financial positions of several world-known companies such as Intel Corp., Motorola Inc., Apple Computer Inc. and American AMR Corp. To my mind this information will be useful for each investor and will help him to make prognosis.
Net profit of the largest in the world manufacturer of microchips (corporations Intel Corp.) on results of 1st half of 2006 year has fallen to 46.8 % and has made 2.24 billion dollars. A year earlier it has made 4.22 billion dollars. Such data contain in the financial report of the company that has been published today. Proceeds of Intel for first six months 2006 has decreased on 9.2 % - up to 16.95 billion dollars, whereas in 2005 this it has been fixed at a level 18.67 billion dollars. Operational profit has decreased on 50.9 % - up to 2.79 billion dollars instead of 5.68 billion dollars in 2005. The profit before tax has decreased on 47 % - about 5.91 billion dollars up to 3.13 billion dollars.
Net profit of Intel on results of 2nd quarter of 2006 has decreased for 56.6 % and has made 885 million dollars In April-June 2005. The net profit of the company has made 2.04 billion dollars. Proceeds for accounting quarter have decreased on 13.2 % - about 9.23 billion dollars up to 8.01 billion dollars. The Operational profit has decreased on 59.5 % - up to 1.07 billion dollars (in comparison about 2.65 billion dollars year earlier). Profit before tax in 2nd quarter of 2006 has decreased for 54.5 % - about 2.75 billion dollars up to 1.25 billion dollars.
Oh, it’s the bed information for shareholders of Intel…:(

Net profit of one of the leading world manufacturers of mobile phones American Motorola Inc. on results of first six months 2006 has grown on 27.4 % and has made 2.07 billion dollars in comparison about 1.63 billion dollars a year earlier. Such data contain in financial report Motorola published today. The Sales volume of the company in the 1st half of 2006 has grown on 26.6 % - up to 20.48 billion dollars in 2005. This criterion has made 16.18 billion dollars. Operational profit for the accounting period has grown on 30.7 % - up to 2.37 billion dollars in comparison about 1.81 billion dollars year earlier.
Net profit of Motorola in 2nd quarter of 2006 has grown on 48.3 % - up to 1.38 billion dollars instead of 933 million that have been received in April-June 2005. The Sales volume has grown on 29.4 % - up to 10.88 billion dollars in 1st quarter of 2005. This criterion has made 8.41 billion dollars. Operational profit has grown on 58.9 % - about 958 million dollars up to 1.52 billion dollars.
Geronimo! I like products of this company and I am unfeignedly glad to its achievements :)

Net profit of the American manufacturer of computer techniques Apple Computer Inc. for the first 9 months 2005-2006 has grown on 59.9 % and has made 1.45 billion dollars. A year earlier this criterion has made 905 million dollars. Such data contain in the financial report of the company published today. Sales volume of Apple since October 2005 till June 2006 has grown on 41.2 % - up to 14.48 billion dollars in comparison about 10.25 billion dollars year earlier. The operational profit has grown on 49.8 % - about 1.23 billion dollars up to 1.85 billion dollars.
Net profit Apple in 3rd quarter of 2006, which has come to the end on July, 1st 2006, has grown on 47.5 % - up to 472 million dollars instead of 320 million the dollars received on year earlier. The Sales volume for accounting quarter has grown on 24.1 % - up to 4.37 billion dollars Year earlier this criterion has made 3.52 billion dollars. Operational profit has grown on 32.6 % - about 427 million dollars up to 566 million dollars. Growth of financial parameters Apple has been reached in many respects owing to successful sales MP3-players iPod and computers Macintosh on the basis of processors Intel.
My congratulations to company! It’s always pleasant to achieve a success! :)

Net profit of the American AMR Corp., the parent company of the largest air carrier in USA American Airlines, in 2nd quarter of 2006 has grown in 5 times and has reached 291 million dollars against 58 million dollars year earlier. Such data are presented in the report of the company published today. Proceeds of AMR for the last quarter of 2006 has made 5.98 billion dollars, on 12.5 % having exceeded a criterion in 5.31 billion dollars for the similar period of 2005. Analysts predicted proceeds at level 5.93 billion dollars.
Successful activities, according to representatives AMR, are caused by a significant sales volume and the high prices for tickets which have helped the company to overcome negative consequences of a rise in prices on fuel. The company finishes in plus works the second quarter successively. Prior to the beginning of 2006 AMR 22 quarters reported about losses.
Such great results!!! Let’s keep that up! :) :):)

Finance news.

July 18th, 2006

Yesterday when I read the news-block I thought why I couldn’t discuss the current news in my blog. So I’ve tried to find the most interesting news for investors.
Wienerberger Brick
The European Reconstruction and Development Bank have allocated Austrian Wienerberger 13.3 million euros for building and construction of brick-making plant in the Russian Federation.
 About it is spoken in the message of bank. The European Reconstruction and Development Bank has purchased 18.1 % of stocks of limited liability company “Wienerberger Brick” (Russia) for 2.5 million euros and has granted a loan in 10,8 million euros on payment of debts. The rest of means in construction (which total cost is estimated in 38 million euros) will put Wienerberger AG.
The factory will make nearby 120 million facing bricks per year or 220 million hollow bricks. The given project - a part of the joint program of the European Reconstruction and Development Bank and Wienerberger under investments into manufacture of building materials into the countries where the bank works.
The Austrian group company Wienerberger was based in the Vein in 1819. And now it is the world leader on manufacture of a hollow and facing ceramic bricks. The group company has more than 230 factories in 24 countries of the world.

Sadia
Company Sadia S.A., one of leading manufacturers of meat products and semi-prepared foods in Brazil, has proposed purchase of 50 % of stocks of Perdigao S.A for 1,7 billion dollars. Such data are resulted in the press release of the company published today. Cost of the transaction is estimated in 3.7 billion real (1.7 billion dollars). According to conditions of the offer, Sadia it is ready to pay 27.88 real (12.58 dollars) for each current stock Perdigao. Offered to Sadia price exceeds on 35 % cost of stock Perdigao on results of closing of the share trades in the San Paulo Stock Exchange. Term of the offer expires on October, 24th 2006. As it is marked in press release of Sadia, as a result of merge in the international market of meat products and semi-prepared foods there will be a new leader. Net profit Sadia on results of 2005 has been 656.12 million Brazilian real (307.88 million dollars).

Wimm–Bill–Dann
Shareholders of public corporation “Wimm–Bill–Dann Food stuffs” (WBD) at extraordinary meeting will consider the problem on expulsion of Jamshid Jadegardzham from structure of board. As they say in message WBD, it is offered to shareholders to consider the given question under the recommendation of chairman of board of the company of Toni Mahera. Only those shareholders have the right to take part in assembly, who was registered artificially of July, 2006. The Date of ending of reception of bulletins for voting is September, 1st 2006. Also it is offered to shareholders to approve creation of branches “Wimm–Bill–Dann” in Samara, Tuimazy, Novosibirsk, Rubtsovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk.
Ownership capital of WBD is 880 millions of rubles. In circulation there is 44 million ordinary stocks (face value 20 rubles). The principle shareholders of the company as of end of 1st quarter of 2006 are Gabriel Jushvaev - 17,13 %, Sergey Plastinin - 9,30 %, David Jakobashvili - 8,33 %, Michael Dubinin - 5,71 %, in nominal holding of shares at Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas is 39,99 % of stocks of the company.
Public corporation “Wimm–Bill–Dann Food stuffs” was created in 1992. And now it is engaged in manufacture of juices and dairy products in Russia. Into the company enter 30 industrial enterprises which are being 21 regions of Russian Federation and the CIS. “Wimm–Bill–Dann” owns the portfolio of trade marks covering from above 1 thousand of 100 types of dairy products (”Domic v derevne”, “Milaya Mila”, Neo, Bio-max, etc.) and more than 150 types of juices, nectars and soft drinks under marks “J7″, “100 % Gold”, etc. Net profit of public corporation “Wimm–Bill–Dann” on US GAAP in 2005 has increased for 31.7 % - up to 30.3 million dollars.

GoAir
Indian airline GoAir and planemaker Airbus have signed the agreement on purchase of 10 planes A320, press-service Airbus informs. Moreover the contract gives GoAir an opportunity of purchase in the future ten similar planes. The financial component of the transaction and terms of deliveries of planes are not informed.

The oldest stock exchange in the world…

June 27th, 2006

Did you ever think about such questions as when and where the first stock exchange appeared? It was very interesting for me to try to get to know of its story.
So, I’d like to impart this information to you. Predecessors to modern stock exchange were medieval fairs where people could buy or sell bills of exchange. First it was in France in 12th century. There appeared guys who managed and regulated the debts of agricultural communities on behalf of the banks. We could call them first brokers.
Venetian bankers began to trade in government securities in the middle of the 13th century. Later the Dutch started joint stock companies, which let shareholders invest in business ventures. Then the Dutch East India Company issued the first shares on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange in 1611. It was the first company to issue stocks and bonds. And the Amsterdam Stock Exchange is the oldest stock exchange in the world that exists at present time.
Right up to 1913 the Amsterdam Stock Exchange was the universal exchange where traders sold and bought both goods and seсurities. Just here all methods of security trade (for example, term deals, options, carry-over deals, margin deals, etc.) came into the world.
The technique of security trade was similar to the technique of exchange trade of goods, but insensibly the specific rules of conduct were elaborated. The greatest complexity for traders was the prohibition, which was implemented in 1622, “not to make the air blue”.
At the begining the access to the Amsterdam Stock Exchange was free; any trader had the right to to make bargain with anyone. Conclusion contract finished with the hand shake, which was one of the rules of the stock exchange.
As for stocks, only stocks of the first stock company in the Netherlands (Joint East India Company) circulated at the Stock Exchange.
The stock exchange based in Amsterdam merged on September 22, 2000 with the Brussels Stock Exchange and the Paris Stock Exchange to form Euronext, and is now known as Euronext Amsterdam.
The second according to the time of origing was the stock market of Great Britain. Exactly at the England territory made its appearance the first specialised exchange, when in 1773 London brokers rented a specil accommodation for their meetings. Membership at the stock exchange the same way as at the Amsterdam Stock Exchange was free, anyone who wished were able to take part in trade, but he had to pay for it 6 pence per day.

 

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